Free Welding Calculators & Reference
Welding Calculators & Reference
Free welding calculators and reference tools for AWS D1.1:2025 and A2.4. 예열, 입열량, fillet 크기, 탄소 당량 — plus symbol charts, compliance guides, and Q&A for fabricators and inspectors.
Calculators
°F
Preheat Calculator
D1.1:2025 표 5.11 lookup. Select steel, process, and 두께 — get 최소 preheat and 층간 온도.
kJ
Heat Input Calculator
Calculate heat input in kJ/in and kJ/mm from 전압, 전류, and 용접 속도.
△
Fillet 용접 Size
D1.1 Table 7.7 minimum 필릿 용접 크기 lookup by material thickness.
lb
Deposition Rate
Calculate 용접 금속 용착 속도 in lbs/hr and kg/hr from wire feed speed and 전극 diameter.
CE
Carbon Equivalent
Calculate CE(IIW) and Pcm from steel chemistry to assess 용접성 and 경화능.
D1.1 Reference
WS
WPS Guide
What goes into a WPS under D1.1. Prequalified vs qualified, Table 5.5 essential variables, format 요구사항.
WP
How to Fill Out a WPS Form
Field-by-field walkthrough of the D1.1 Annex J form. Table 5.5 variables, tolerances, common mistakes.
PW
Prequalified WPS
Clause 5 requirements for prequalification: approved processes, Table 5.6 steels, Figure 5.1 joints.
PQ
PQR — Procedure Qualification
When a PQR is required under D1.1. Table 6.6 essential variables and the prequalified exception.
D1
AWS D1.1:2025 Overview
What D1.1 covers, 11-조항 overview, prequalified vs qualified WPS paths.
CJ
CJP Weld Guide
Complete joint penetration welds: prequalified joints per Figure 5.1, backing requirements, CJP vs PJP.
MT
Mill Test Report (MTR)
How to read an MTR for D1.1 compliance: ASTM spec to Table 5.6 group to preheat lookup.
T°
Interpass Temperature
D1.1 minimum equals preheat, 최대 when CVN or material requirements apply.
HT
Post-Weld Heat Treatment
D1.1 Section 7.8 PWHT requirements: when it applies, 온도 ranges, and hold times.
80
Welding Standards Hub
All 80 welding codes covered by Flux: D1.x, ASME IX, API 1104, CSA W59, EN 1011-2, AS/NZS 1554.
Inspection
CW
Certified Welding Inspector
AWS B5.1 CWI requirements: education, experience, exam format, and renewal.
VT
Visual Weld Inspection
D1.1 Clause 8 VT 합격 기준 criteria, 검사 sequence, and reject/accept decisions.
8.1
Weld Defects
Table 8.1 불연속 categories, the VT/RT/UT inspection sequence, and when 보수 is required.
ND
NDE Requirements
When RT, UT, MT, and PT are required under D1.1 Clause 8. Tables 8.1-8.3 decision 가이드.
UT
Ultrasonic Testing
D1.1 UT acceptance criteria, Class A through D indications, and scanning requirements.
UC
Weld Undercut
Table 8.1 언더컷 한계 for static and cyclic connections with 원인 and repair guidance.
PP
Weld Porosity
Table 8.1 기공 acceptance criteria — when porosity passes and when it fails 육안 검사.
Symbol Reference
◻
Weld Symbol Chart
Complete AWS A2.4 reference — every weld type, symbol anatomy, arrow side/other side, finishing codes.
◻
Fillet Weld Symbol
Leg size, throat, equal and unequal legs, intermittent fillet welds.
↓
Printable PDF Chart
Print-optimized 용접 기호 reference sheet. All 유형, anatomy, finishing codes on one page.
G
What Does G Mean?
Grinding and finishing symbols per AWS A2.4 — G, M, C, H, P, R, U designators 설명.
Preheat & Temperature
T°
Maximum Interpass Temperature
D1.1 has no general max. Only A514, HPS70W, HPS100W have 400–450°F limits.
❄
Cold Weather Welding
Below 32°F: preheat to 70°F. Below 0°F: welding prohibited. Wind shelter 5 mph.
5.11
Table 3.2/5.11 Explained
Table 3.2 is now Table 5.11. Seven preheat categories A through G by process and hydrogen level.
A+B
Dissimilar Metal Welding WPS
Use the highest preheat of either steel (§5.7.2). 용가재 options and WPS writing guide.
Q&A
?
Q&A Hub
D1.1:2025 용접 질문 with specific table and clause citations.
A36
A36 Preheat Temperature
Table 5.11 preheat requirements for A36 steel by process 범주 and thickness.
70
E7018 vs E6013
Electrode 비교 from a D1.1 compliance perspective — preheat, storage, qualification.
△
Minimum 필릿 용접 Size
Table 7.7 explained — which thickness governs and how electrode choice changes the answer.
CE
Carbon Equivalent Explained
D1.1 Annex B CE(IIW) formula with (Mn+Si)/6, Pcm, and what your 결과 means for preheat.