A709 HPS70WのSMAW (low-hydrogen)用予熱 — over 2-1/2"
A709 HPS70WをSMAW (low-hydrogen)で板厚over 2-1/2"で溶接する場合の最低予熱およびパス間温度。AWS D1.1:2025 表5.11に基づく。
AWS D1.1:2025 表5.11に基づく — すべての値は条項に追跡可能。
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SMAW (Low-Hydrogen)
Low-hydrogen SMAW (E7018/E7016) uses basic-coated electrodes requiring rod oven storage, assigned to Category B in Table 5.11.
For high-strength shapes and plate, E7018 provides adequate tensile match for steels up to Category C. E8018-C3 or E9018-M may be required for higher-strength steels to meet weld metal strength matching requirements. Bead sequencing on thick TMCP flanges should follow qualified WPS parameters precisely to avoid overheating the refined microstructure.
SMAW-LH Tips for High-Strength and TMCP Steels
For A709 HPS70W (70 ksi yield, Q&T, Category C, maximum interpass per Table 5.11), SMAW-LH requires E8018-C3 or E9018-M with weathering chemistry (E8018-W2 or equivalent) to achieve both tensile matching and corrosion resistance. Category C preheat: 50°F up to 3/4", 150°F up to 1-1/2", 225°F up to 2-1/2", 300°F above. Maximum interpass must not exceed 400°F (up to 1-1/2") or 450°F (above) — SMAW
Typical values for reference — always verify against your approved WPS and electrode manufacturer data.
Filler Metal for SMAW-LH
Electrode: E7018 (AWS A5.1) — the universal low-hydrogen structural rod. Diameter: 1/8" (general/out-of-position), 5/32" (production), 3/16" (heavy plate flat only). Storage: 250°F rod oven minimum per D1.1 §7.3.2.1. Exposure limit: 4 hours out of oven per Table 7.1, then re-bake at 500-800°F for minimum 2 hours per §7.3.2.4 (A5.1 classification).
Typical values for reference — always verify against your approved WPS and electrode manufacturer data.
A709 HPS70W
ASTM A709 HPS70W is the highest-strength weathering bridge steel with 70 ksi minimum yield and 85-110 ksi tensile range, used in long-span bridges and heavily loaded members where weight reduction is critical. Produced as quenched-and-tempered plate in thicknesses up to 4", its high strength places it in Category C of Table 5.11 with correspondingly higher preheat requirements. Table 5.11 footnote (b) sets a maximum preheat/interpass of 400°F for thickness up to 1-1/2” and 450°F for thicker material — this upper limit is unusual in D1.1 and exists because the Q&T microstructure can be degraded by excessive heat. The chemistry includes copper (0.25-0.40%), nickel (0.65-1.00%), and chromium (0.40-0.65%) for atmospheric corrosion resistance, with 0.19% max carbon keeping the CE-IIW in the 0.46-0.52 range.
A709 HPS70WとSMAW-LHでこの予熱が必要な理由
Highest-strength 70 ksi weathering bridge steel for long-span applications. The higher strength level of this steel places it in Category C of Table 5.11, which carries elevated preheat requirements compared to Category B grades. At 300°F minimum with SMAW-LH, E7018 low-hydrogen electrodes produce typically 4-8 mL/100g diffusible hydrogen under proper rod oven conditions, but the preheat must still ensure the cooling rate stays slow enough to prevent hydrogen-induced cracking in this higher-hardenability material.
A709 HPS70Wの代表的な適用例
Reserved for long-span bridge main girder flanges, cable-stayed bridge edge girders, arch rib plates, high-load interchange ramp girders, and situations where reducing member depth saves clearance or reduces dead load. HPS70W enables weight savings of 20-30% versus conventional Gr.50 designs, allowing shallower girder sections that reduce embankment costs on grade-separation bridges. Flange thickness often exceeds 2”, making preheat and interpass control critical at every CJP splice and web-to-flange joint. Note that Table 5.11 footnote (b) sets maximum preheat and interpass limits of 400°F for thicknesses up to 1-1/2" and 450°F above. This upper limit is unusual in D1.1 and requires monitoring both minimum and maximum interpass throughout the welding sequence. Fabricators must use dual-readout temperature monitoring to ensure the joint stays within the qualified band. Filler metals must match the 70 ksi minimum tensile while providing weathering-compatible chemistry for exposed joints.
over 2-1/2"で予熱が重要な理由
The heaviest sections demand the highest preheat in Table 5.11. Multi-pass sequences require maintaining interpass temperature throughout.
A709 HPS70WのカテゴリーC予熱
表5.11のカテゴリーCは、焼入性と残留応力の組み合わせにより高い予熱が必要な高強度鋼に適用されます。over 2-1/2"のA709 HPS70Wにおいて、300°Fの最低予熱は溶接冷却速度を遅くし、熱影響部での割れ感受性マルテンサイトの生成を防ぎます。拘束された継手の多パス溶接では、パス間温度をこの最低値以上に維持することが特に重要です。
SMAW (low-hydrogen)とover 2-1/2"における他の鋼材
A709 HPS70WとSMAW (low-hydrogen)
A709 HPS70W溶接ガイド
D1.1:2025参考データ。AWSとの提携なし。